As we mentioned in previous article, conventional medicine plays an important role and most of the time, it is the first treatment for a couple who for what ever reason cam not conceive after 1 year of unprotected sexual intercourse or can not carry the pregnancy to full term. With the advance of medical technology, some infertility are caused by structure problem can be corrected through surgery. In this article, we will discuss how conventional surgery helps to treat fibroids

I. Definition
Fibroids are smooth benign tumor composed of fibrous and muscular, same as the uterus which adhere to either the outer or inner uterine wall.

II. Types of fibroid
a) Subserous fibroids
It grows in the outer wall of the uterus. it also causes the uterus to grow, sometimes to 7 months of pregnancy, leading to abnormal bloating, pain during sex and in the back.
b) Submucosal fibroids
It grows inside the uterine cavity, leading to abnormal severe cramps.
c) Intramural fibroids
It is grows inside the uterine wall either toward outside like subserous fibroids or toward inside like subnucosal fibroids
d ) Pedunculated fibroids
This type of fibroids attach to the uterus by a stalk, and sometimes they are mistaken as ovarian
tumors leading to pelvic cramping or pain during periods.

II. How conventional surgery helps to treat fibroids
Normally, fibroid is left alone with regular check up, if they do not interfere with regular menstrual cycle and fertility. If they start growing rapidly, cause serious pain, discomfort, or grow rapidly and interfere with the process of conception, then surgery may be required
depending on the woman’s age, the type of symptoms, and whether she plans to have children in the future.
1. Myomectomy
Myomectomy is the medical operation used to remove only the fibroids in the uterus without damaging or disturbing the uterus other organs. It normally is done through an incision in the lower abdomen by a laparoscopy. In this surgery, your doctor tries to remove as many fibriods as possible while making as few surgical cuts as possible, but sometimes more cuts are required. Unfortunately, the rate of recurrence for women with myomectomy is as high as 50%.

2. Crymyolysis
Crymyolysis is a procedure that destroys the fibroid by using a probelike instrument with liquid nitrogen to freeze the fibroids interior resulting in killing the tissue and stopping the fibroids from growing further. The surgery usually takes less than an hour and the patient can return home in the same day and return to normal activities in a week. Unfortunately, cryomyolysis usually does not preserve a woman’s ability to have children. If you want to have children in the future, be sure to talk to your doctor before the surgery for other options.

3. Electromyolysis
The medical procedure destroy the fibroids via electrical current. It is the best choice if the fibroid only grows in the uterus with the size of 6-week pregnancy. The same procedure as in 2, but in this case, instead of trying to remove by aprolike instrument, he or she uses electric current to destroy as many fibroids as possible.

4. Laser myolysis
As as 2, in this case medical instrument produce laser is used directly into the core of the fibroids to destroy them.

5. Uterine artery embolization
The procedure is used to block the blood flow to the fibroids. Since fibroids require nutrients to grow, blocking the blood flow causes them to shrink. By using an x-ray camera called a fluoroscope to deliver small particles to the uterus and fibroids , it helps to block the arteries that provide blood flow, leading to shrinking of the fibroids..

6. Hysteroscopic resection
In this procedure, medical instrument resectoscopy insert through vagina into the uterus with a small camera which is placed on the end of a long thin tube. Your doctor shaves off the fibroids from the uterine wall with the resectoscopy.

7. Supra-cervical hysterectomy
The surgery involves removing only part of uterus containing the fibroids, thereby preserving sexual function and its mucous-secreting glands. The time of recovery from laparoscopic supra-cervical hysterectomy surgery is faster and less painful than other laparoscopic surgery.

III. Risks
1. Surgical risk if surgical is required
2. Damage to adjacent organs

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